Ingredients that owners can safely eat. Sometimes, these ingredients can be toxic to pets and can be fatal if eaten in excess. Currently, most owners are unaware and feed their pets the same foods without knowing whether or not they are toxic to their pets. Each type of food that is toxic causes different symptoms in pets.
1. Garlic and onions
Plant groups Garlic (leek) , chives (chive) and shallots (shallots) The least toxic dose for pets is 5 g/kg in cats and 15 g/kg in dogs. This results in the release of Allicin, which can be broken down into N-propyl disulfide, which causes oxidative damage to hemoglobin and erythrocyte membrane, resulting in changes to methemoglobin, Heinz bodies, and eccentrocytes, which induces intravascular hemolysis and subsequent anemia. Initial symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and increased salivation. Symptoms may not be clearly evident for about 1-5 days until changes in the blood system occur. The toxin will cause anemia, which the pet will have pale gums, weakness, unsteady gait, loss of appetite, lethargy, faster than normal breathing (tachypnea) and a faster than normal heart rate (tachycardia). In addition, yellow mucous membranes (icterus) and Hemoglobinuria, a condition in which hemoglobin is found in the urine, can occur as a result of intravascular hemolysis.
2. Grapes and raisins
Grapes are a toxin that can damage the kidneys. Resulting in acute renal failure The least toxic doses reported for dogs were 19.6 g/kg of grapes and 2.8 g/kg of raisins. After a dog ingested grapes or raisins,
Vomiting usually occurs within the first 24 hours.Other symptoms that may occur include lethargy. (lethargy), Loss of appetite (anorexia), and diarrhea (diarrhea) After that, kidney failure occurs.
3. Chocolate and Caffeine
Chocolate, coffee beans, caffeine tablets, cocoa beans, and sources of caffeine are often found in tea, ground coffee, soft drinks, and energy drinks. After a pet is exposed to the toxin in the first 1-2 hours, Symptoms include vomiting, shortness of breath, abnormal gait, dribbling of urine, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and rapid heart rate.
If a large amount of toxin is ingested, symptoms will gradually increase in severity, manifesting as high blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, convulsions, respiratory failure, and eventually death. The severity of symptoms in pets exposed to toxins depends on the concentration of toxin ingested. If 20 mg/kg is ingested, only mild clinical symptoms will appear. However, if 40-50 mg/kg is ingested, moderate to severe symptoms will appear. Meanwhile, if 60 mg/kg is ingested, symptoms will often be severe enough to cause convulsions.
4. Alcohol and Bread Dough
The fermentation of sugars by yeast produces ethanol, which is found in many products, including solvents, fuels, paints, medicines, and alcoholic beverages. Ethanol poisoning in pets is often caused by accidental or unintentional ingestion of the beverage.
There have also been reports of alcohol toxicity in dogs that consumed a mixture of unbaked bread dough and rotting apples after the food entered their digestive tract.
Body temperature promotes fermentation by yeast, resulting in the production of carbon dioxide and ethanol, both of which are rapidly absorbed from the stomach into the bloodstream and subsequently toxic. The lowest lethal dose in dogs is 5.5 g/kg (5.5 ml/kg of 100% Ethanol).
Ethanol can be absorbed quickly through the digestive system into the bloodstream. The initial clinical symptoms are vomiting and excitation, followed by unsteadiness and lethargy. Body temperature drops below normal, inability to control urination, acute weakness, central nervous system depression, convulsions, and eventually death.
In addition, dogs that eat bread dough can exhibit symptoms of a distended abdomen and abdominal pain. From gas produced from the fermentation process (from gas production), gastric obstruction (gastric obstruction) and the possibility of gastric dilatation-volvulus. Thanawan Stanyasuwan. (2022). Food and raw materials that may be harmful to pets.
Information from:
Dr.Sasipat Kittisarathamma (Dr.Mook)
Internal Medicine Center, Ultrasound Center
Veterinarian, Taling Chan Animal Hospital
References:
https://www.readvpn.com/Topic/Info/d326c0b9-c51f-48a4-b8f9-e9b96d965973.